The Great Dining Room was used by the family whenever there were more than six people for dinner until the outbreak of World War II in 1939. Today it is used for a few exclusive formal dinners each year of up to forty people.

The first dinner to have been held was for Princess Victoria and her mother the Duchess of Kent in 1832. Victoria was 13 years old and it was the first time she had dined formally in adult company. The 6th Duke was so anxious that it should go without fault that he held a full cooked rehearsal the night before. 

The table is furnished with a surtout de table of silver. The two bottle-shaped containers were made by Anthony Nelme (c.1672-1722) for the 3rd Earl of Burlington. The rest of the silver was commissioned by the 6th Duke from Paul Storr (1771-1844) and Robert Garrard (1793-1881), the country’s leading silversmiths in the early 19th century. The surtout is a feature of dining à la Russe, the practice of dining with separate courses brought to you by a butler or footman, which was newly fashionable at this time. 

The full-length portraits were all brought from Devonshire House by the 6th Duke and set into fixed frames as part of the decoration of the walls. The large group portrait between the fireplaces shows Christian Bruce, Dowager Countess of Devonshire, with her sons, William and Charles, and her daughter, Anne, painted by Daniel Mytens (c.1590-before 1648).

The eldest boy, on the left wearing the robes of the Order of the Bath, is the young 3rd Earl of Devonshire who was later painted by Sir Anthony van Dyck (1599-1641). That painting hangs to the right of the fireplace. Perhaps the finest portrait in the room is the van Dyck of Sir Arthur Goodwin to the right of the door from the Dome Room. Between the windows are two early portraits by Frans Hals (1581-1666).

With the exception of the curtains and carpet, the room was originally conceived as a white and gold interior. The present red wall hangings were put up in 1996 at the same time as the original silk brocade curtains were rewoven. The chandelier and wall lights were added to the room in the 20th century. 

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